基于Hough变换识别单周期正弦曲线图像的算法及实现

手工识别成像测井中的裂缝具有一定的主观性，不同的人可能会有不同的解释结果．作者介绍利用Hough变换自动识别裂缝的原理及其算法，并通过实例分析了其应用效果，结果表明，这种算法计算裂缝参数不仅精度可靠，还保证了裂缝参数拾取的唯一性，对实现井壁裂缝参数的完全自动解释有重要意义．     

不同激励下宽频磁浮俘能器俘能试验

振动能量俘获是获取可再生的清洁能源一种有效途径，具有广阔的应用前景，有利于社会的可持续性发展。目前，随机功率谱激励下的高功率密度和宽频能量回收仍然是研究的难点。该研究设计了一种可有效利用宽频振动能量的高功率密度磁浮式俘能器，采用COMSOL Multiphysics软件计算悬浮磁体非线性回复力与位移的关系式，根据磁浮振动系统的控制方程和基尔霍夫定律建立俘能器的数学模型，详细研究了模型参数变化对俘能器性能的影响。随后进行正弦扫频和驻频试验以验证俘能器的发电能力。同时，从俘能器的效率、效能和体积优质3个指标对俘能性能进行评价；并结合实际应用，设计俘能器稳压电路。根据丘陵山区农业机械工作的随机路谱特性，建立随机激励的数学模型，根据响应幅值的概率密度函数的FPK方程表达式，得到了平稳概率密度函数的解。结果表明：在激励频率从9.77到31.75 Hz变化时，俘能器最大输出电压在5.92和21.52 V之间；最大输出功率在10 Hz时达81.93 mW，从5到50Hz，输出功率范围为5.76到81.93 mW；俘能器的效率、效能和体积优质分别为2.85%，9.85%和39.74%；俘能器电压输出的功率谱密度有5个峰值点，对应频率分别为9.804、29.41、36.76、36.76、51.47和71.08 Hz，进一步验证了该研究提出的磁浮式俘能器具有宽频发电性能，并可满足丘陵山区农机设备监测传感器的供电需求。     

变频调速系统控制方法的研究

针对传统变频调速控制系统的不足,本文在交―交变频调速系统的基础上,引入了一种新的控制方法———对称余弦控制法。这种控制方法不但兼顾了传统控制方法所固有的正弦性,同时又由于它自身控制方式的特点,能很好地解决波形的对称性问题,同时兼顾输出波形的对称度与正弦度。通过仿真实验,该控制方式能很好地兼顾对称度和正弦度,输出的谐波含量也较小,取得了良好的效果。     

肝窦内皮细胞和枯否细胞中bcl-2和GAPDH mRNA半衰期的测定

通过反转录 PCR( RT- PCR)测定了肝窦内皮细胞和枯否细胞中 bcl- 2和 GAPDH m RNA的半衰期。结果表明 ,在窦内皮细胞中 bcl- 2和 GAPDH m RNA的半衰期分别为 6 .13和大于 2 0 h,在枯否细胞中 bcl- 2和GAPDH m RNA的半衰期分别为 5 .86和 13.74h。     

CD31可作为分离纯化猪肝窦内皮细胞的标记分子

血小板-内皮细胞粘附分子(platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1,CD31)是内皮细胞表面一种重要的膜分子,常作为特异性标记鉴定内皮细胞.然而,CD31是否可作为纯化猪(Sus scrofa)肝窦内皮细胞(porcine liver sinusoidal endothelial cell,pLSEC)的特异性标记还有待验证.本实验通过CD31流式分选分离纯化pLSEC,观察分离后的pLSEC是否具有标志性的窗孔结构.以α-1,3-半乳糖苷转移酶基因敲除(α-1,3-galactosyltransferase knockout,GTKO)的五指山小型猪为研究材料,采用胶原酶原位肝脏灌注、离体消化,Percoll梯度离心,异硫氰酸荧光素(fluorescein isothiocyanate,FITC)-CD31标记pLSEC进行流式分选.结果表明,分离得到的pLSEC在倒置显微镜下细胞呈典型的内皮细胞形态,铺路石样排列;通过透射电镜观察到细胞具有窗孔结构,通过环境扫描电镜观察到pLSEC与猪主动脉内皮细胞(porcine arterial endothelial cell,pAEC)细胞表面结构具有明显区别,pLSEC具有特殊的窗孔结构.利用实时荧光定量PCR检测pLSEC、pAEC和猪耳成纤维细胞(porcine ear fibroblast cell,pEFC)的CD31、细胞粘附因子(cell adhesion molecules,CD146)、血友病因子Ⅷ基因(hemophilia factorⅧ,Ⅷ-F)、血管性血友病因子基因(von willebrand factor,vWF)的表达.结果表明,pLSEC的CD31、CD146、Ⅷ-F和vWF表达量显著高于pAEC和pEFC.利用免疫荧光法检测到pLSEC具有摄取细胞膜红色荧光探针(1,1’-dioctadecyl-3,3,3’,3’-tetramethylindocarbocyanine perchlorate,DiI)标记的乙酰化低密度脂蛋白(acetylated low density lipoprotein,Ac-LDL)的内吞功能.总之,利用CD31分离纯化的pLSEC,具有典型窗孔结构和内吞功能,同时高表达CD146、Ⅷ-F和vWF等肝窦内皮细胞的标记分子,为进一步研究异种肝移植的血小板减少症的问题提供了良好的细胞材料.     

Metal levels in street sediment from an industrial city: spatial trends, chemical fractionation, and management implications

Background, aim and scope  Street sediment samples were collected at 50 locations in a mixed land use area of Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, and metal levels were analyzed using a sequential extraction procedure for different particle size classes to provide an estimate of potential toxicity as well as the potential for treatment through best management practices (BMPs). Methodology  The street sediment samples were dry sieved into four different particle size categories and a sequential extraction procedure was done on each size category following the methodology proposed by Tessier et al. 1979 using a Hitachi 180-80 Polarized Zeeman Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. Results and discussion  Analysis of variance, post hoc least-significant difference tests, and kriging analysis showed that spatially Mn and Fe levels were associated with a well-defined heavy industrial area that includes large iron- and steel-making operations; Cu and Pb were associated with both the industrial and high-volume traffic areas, while Zn tended to be more associated with high-volume traffic areas. The potential bioavailability of the metals, based on the sum of chemical fractions 1 (exchangeable) and 2 (carbonate-bound), decreased in order: Zn > Cd > Mn > Pb > Cu > Fe. Based on aquatic sediment quality guidelines, there is some concern regarding the potential impact of the street sediment when runoff reaches receiving waters. Conclusions  It is possible that a combination of BMPs, including street sweeping and constructed wetlands, could help to reduce street sediment impact on environmental quality in the Hamilton region. The data presented here would be important in developing and optimizing the design of these BMPs.     

基于参变量扫值的非道路用柴油机增压匹配

为了解决传统增压匹配方法不能保证所选涡轮增压器与柴油机最佳匹配的问题,以及内燃机是高度的非线性系统,难以使用具体的数学公式来表示某一参数与其他参数之间的相互关系,基于一款非道路用柴油机的设计开发需求,提出了利用参变量扫值进行增压匹配的方法,以GT-Power软件为载体建立相应的增压柴油机模型,通过对不同大小的压气机和涡轮进行参变量扫值计算,在满足柴油机设计指标与耐久性约束的条件下,综合选取了与柴油机匹配良好的涡轮增压器。为了折中增压之后表征机械负荷的最高气缸压力与表征热负荷的排气歧管温度,又通过模拟分析确定了合理的增压压力和燃烧始点。台架试验结果表明:选定的涡轮增压器与柴油机匹配良好,各项性能参数与排放指标均达到了设计要求,合理匹配增压压力和燃烧始点可有效平衡最高气缸压力与排气歧管温度之间的矛盾。参变量扫值方法代替了实际增压匹配的复杂调整过程,并为实际的标定工作提供了一定的借鉴指导。     

Tissue responses to fractional transient heating with sinusoidal heat flux condition on skin surface

A fractional model of Bioheat equation for describing quantitatively the thermal responses of skin tissue under sinusoidal heat flux conditions on skin surface is given. Laplace transform technique is used to obtain the solution in a closed form. The resulting formulation is applied to one‐dimensional application to investigate the temperature distribution in skin with instantaneous surface heating for different cases. According to the numerical results and its graphs, conclusion about the fractional bioheat transfer equation has been constructed. Sensitivity analysis is performed to explore the thermal effects of various control parameters on tissue temperature. The comparisons are made with the results obtained in the case of the absence of time‐fractional order. © 2016 Japanese Society of Animal Science